Abdoel 2007.

Study characteristics
Patient sampling	Prospective multi‐centre study Healthcare setting: primary, secondary, and tertiary healthcare centres Point of recruitment: inpatients and outpatients
Patient characteristics and setting	Countries: Indonesia Level of typhoid endemicity (Crump 2004): high Age: both adults and children Gender distribution: not stated Entry criteria: clinical suspicion of typhoid Sample size: 425
Index tests	Name: latex agglutination assay, Royal Tropical Institute (KIT), Netherlands Biological sample: venous blood
Target condition and reference standard(s)	Target condition: Salmonella Typhi Reference standard: peripheral blood culture
Flow and timing	Retrospective analysis. Index tests performed on stored serum samples. Time interval not stated.
Comparative
Notes	The study authors report that two raters evaluated the reproducibility of 123 of the index tests.
Methodological quality
Item	Authors' judgement	Risk of bias	Applicability concerns
DOMAIN 1: Patient Selection
Was a consecutive or random sample of patients enrolled?	Yes
Was a case‐control design avoided?	Yes
Did the study avoid inappropriate exclusions?	Yes
		High	Low
DOMAIN 2: Index Test All tests
Were the index test results interpreted without knowledge of the results of the reference standard?	Unclear
If a threshold was used, was it pre‐specified?	Yes
		Unclear	Low
DOMAIN 3: Reference Standard
Is the reference standards likely to correctly classify the target condition?	No
Were the reference standard results interpreted without knowledge of the results of the index tests?	Yes
		Low	Low
DOMAIN 4: Flow and Timing
Was there an appropriate interval between index test and reference standard?	Unclear
Did all patients receive the same reference standard?	Yes
Were all patients included in the analysis?	Yes
		Low