Begum 2009.

Study characteristics
Patient sampling	Prospective single centre study Healthcare setting: tertiary Point of recruitment: not specified whether inpatient or outpatient
Patient characteristics and setting	Countries: Bangladesh Level of typhoid endemicity (Crump 2004): high Age: not specified Gender distribution: not specified Entry criteria: clinical suspicion of typhoid fever, and febrile non‐typhoid controls, and healthy controls Data extraction was based on febrile non‐typhoid controls only Sample size: 100
Index tests	Typhidot
Target condition and reference standard(s)	Target condition: Salmonella Typhi Reference standard: peripheral blood culture
Flow and timing	Prospective study. Timing not stated.
Comparative
Notes	Healthy (afebrile) controls also recruited.
Methodological quality
Item	Authors' judgement	Risk of bias	Applicability concerns
DOMAIN 1: Patient Selection
Was a consecutive or random sample of patients enrolled?	Unclear
Was a case‐control design avoided?	No
Did the study avoid inappropriate exclusions?	Unclear
		High	High
DOMAIN 2: Index Test All tests
Were the index test results interpreted without knowledge of the results of the reference standard?	Unclear
If a threshold was used, was it pre‐specified?	Yes
		Low	Low
DOMAIN 3: Reference Standard
Is the reference standards likely to correctly classify the target condition?	No
Were the reference standard results interpreted without knowledge of the results of the index tests?	Unclear
		Low	Low
DOMAIN 4: Flow and Timing
Was there an appropriate interval between index test and reference standard?	Unclear
Did all patients receive the same reference standard?	Yes
Were all patients included in the analysis?	Yes
		Low