Kawano 2007.

Study characteristics
Patient sampling	Prospective single centre study Healthcare setting: tertiary infectious diseases hospital Point of recruitment: inpatients
Patient characteristics and setting	Countries: Philippines Level of typhoid endemicity (Crump 2004): high Age: both adults and children Gender distribution: 53.6% (male) 46.4% (female) Entry criteria: febrile patients with a clinical suspicion of typhoid fever Sample size: 177
Index tests	TUBEX Typhidot SD Bioline Mega Salmonella
Target condition and reference standard(s)	Target condition: Salmonella Typhi Reference standard: peripheral blood culture
Flow and timing	Prospective single centre study. Timing unclear.
Comparative
Notes
Methodological quality
Item	Authors' judgement	Risk of bias	Applicability concerns
DOMAIN 1: Patient Selection
Was a consecutive or random sample of patients enrolled?	Yes
Was a case‐control design avoided?	Yes
Did the study avoid inappropriate exclusions?	Unclear
		High	Low
DOMAIN 2: Index Test All tests
Were the index test results interpreted without knowledge of the results of the reference standard?	Yes
If a threshold was used, was it pre‐specified?	Yes
		Low	Low
DOMAIN 3: Reference Standard
Is the reference standards likely to correctly classify the target condition?	No
Were the reference standard results interpreted without knowledge of the results of the index tests?	Yes
		Low	Low
DOMAIN 4: Flow and Timing
Was there an appropriate interval between index test and reference standard?	Unclear
Did all patients receive the same reference standard?	Yes
Were all patients included in the analysis?	Yes
		Low