Olsen 2004.

Study characteristics
Patient sampling	Prospective multicentre study Healthcare setting: secondary and tertiary Point of recruitment: inpatients
Patient characteristics and setting	Countries: Vietnam Level of typhoid endemicity (Crump 2004): high Age: both adults and children Gender distribution: 56.9% (male) 43.1% (female) Entry criteria: > 4 days of fever, and greater than 3 years old and controls with other febrile illnesses Sample size: 79 (59 patients and 20 controls)
Index tests	TUBEX Typhidot Multi‐Test Dip‐S‐Tick
Target condition and reference standard(s)	Target condition:Salmonella Typhi Reference standard(s): peripheral blood culture
Flow and timing	Prospective multicentre study. Samples processed at a different site. Timing unclear.
Comparative
Notes	Different processing sites for blood culture, that is not in the same laboratory
Methodological quality
Item	Authors' judgement	Risk of bias	Applicability concerns
DOMAIN 1: Patient Selection
Was a consecutive or random sample of patients enrolled?	No
Was a case‐control design avoided?	No
Did the study avoid inappropriate exclusions?	Yes
		High	Low
DOMAIN 2: Index Test All tests
Were the index test results interpreted without knowledge of the results of the reference standard?	Yes
If a threshold was used, was it pre‐specified?	Yes
		Unclear	Unclear
DOMAIN 3: Reference Standard
Is the reference standards likely to correctly classify the target condition?	No
Were the reference standard results interpreted without knowledge of the results of the index tests?	Yes
		Low	Low
DOMAIN 4: Flow and Timing
Was there an appropriate interval between index test and reference standard?	Unclear
Did all patients receive the same reference standard?	Yes
Were all patients included in the analysis?	No
		Low