Tarupiwa 2015.

Study characteristics
Patient sampling	Prospective multi‐centre study Healthcare setting: primary Point of recruitment: outpatient
Patient characteristics and setting	Countries: Zimbabwe Level of typhoid endemicity (Crump 2004): medium Age: mixed Gender distribution: not stated Entry criteria: 'typical signs and symptoms of typhoid'
Index tests	TUBEX On‐Site Typhoid IgG/IgM Combo
Target condition and reference standard(s)	Target condition: Salmonella Typhi Reference standard(s): peripheral blood culture (3 to 5 mL)
Flow and timing	Prospective multicentre study. Timing unclear.
Comparative
Notes	Diagnostic test accuracy data not provided in published paper but supplied separately by the corresponding authors.
Methodological quality
Item	Authors' judgement	Risk of bias	Applicability concerns
DOMAIN 1: Patient Selection
Was a consecutive or random sample of patients enrolled?	Yes
Was a case‐control design avoided?	Yes
Did the study avoid inappropriate exclusions?	Yes
		Low	Low
DOMAIN 2: Index Test All tests
Were the index test results interpreted without knowledge of the results of the reference standard?	Unclear
If a threshold was used, was it pre‐specified?	Yes
		Low	Low
DOMAIN 3: Reference Standard
Is the reference standards likely to correctly classify the target condition?	No
Were the reference standard results interpreted without knowledge of the results of the index tests?	Unclear
		Low	Low
DOMAIN 4: Flow and Timing
Was there an appropriate interval between index test and reference standard?	Unclear
Did all patients receive the same reference standard?	Yes
Were all patients included in the analysis?	No
		Low

Abbreviations: PCR: polymerase chain reaction; RDT: rapid diagnostic test.