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. 2017 Mar 10;8(19):31065–31078. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.16075

Figure 1. Ethanol impairs osteogenesis potential of BMSCs.

Figure 1

(A) Alizarin red staining (ARS) of BMSCs was reduced after 14-day incubation with osteogenic medium supplemented with ethanol. A higher concentration (50 mM) of ethanol resulted in stronger anti-osteogenic effects on BMSCs. (B) The mRNA expression of RUNX2 and OCN in BMSCs after 24 h, 96 h and 120 h incubation with 50 mM of ethanol was decreased compared with controls. Values are shown as mean ± SD (N = 3) (***, **, * indicate statistically significant differences compared to controls,***p < 0.001, **p < 0.01, *p < 0.05). (C) Proliferation of BMSCs incubated for 1, 3, 5 and 7 days in medium supplemented with 10 mM, 25 mM, 50 mM and 100 mM of ethanol. Ethanol treatment at different concentrations as indicated did not impair the survival and proliferation of BMSCs. Values are shown as mean ± SD (n = 3) (***, **, * indicate statistically significant differences compared to controls,***p < 0.001, **p < 0.01, *p < 0.05).