. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Apr 1.

Published in final edited form as: J Marriage Fam. 2016 Nov 10;79(2):511–534. doi: 10.1111/jomf.12376

Table 3.

OLS Coefficients for Minutes Spent in Housework and Child care on the ATUS Diary Day, 2008-2012 (N=4,633).

	Housework			Child care
	Female-Typed	Male-Typed	Gender-Neutral	Playing	Physical Care	Education & Other	With Children	Secondary Child care

Work/Family Arrangement
Breadwinner father (reference)
At-home father	35.81^***	6.61	11.80	-3.46	17.54^**	18.72^***	- 17.05	- 21.65
	(10.46)	(8.06)	(7.99)	(5.10)	(6.57)	(5.45)	(20.34)	(21.90)
At-home mother	120.48^***	24.64^***	-3.17	7.35^*	32.14^***	30.78^***	68.10^***	39.14^**
	(5.57)	(4.09)	(3.57)	(3.64)	(5.01)	(3.10)	(12.14)	(13.20)
Breadwinner mother	109.96^***	29.71^***	11.71^**	-6.23	18.96^*	15.93^*	13.70	9.67
	(12.06)	(4.74)	(4.31)	(4.45)	(8.25)	(6.19)	(22.31)	(24.22)
Breadwinner parents’ daily work hours	-5.19^***	-2.70^***	-1.98^***	-1.83^***	-2.37^***	-2.38^***	-30.10^***	-25.06^***
	(0.46)	(0.42)	(0.39)	(0.33)	(0.55)	(0.25)	(1.31)	(1.44)
Breadwinner mother X Daily work hours	-8.22^***	2.19^***	1.07^*	0.56	-0.71	-0.85	2.25	8.33^**
	(1.42)	(0.52)	(0.52)	(0.53)	(0.93)	(0.74)	(2.72)	(3.12)
Age
Mother	-0.66	-0.09	0.87^**	0.02	0.24	0.31	-0.76	0.22
	(0.51)	(0.23)	(0.32)	(0.24)	(0.24)	(0.26)	(0.88)	(0.91)
Father	1.18^*	0.54^*	-0.25	-0.09	-0.62^**	-0.03	0.46	0.72
	(0.48)	(0.25)	(0.21)	(0.16)	(0.21)	(0.21)	(0.76)	(0.75)
Couple-level Education
Both college (reference)
Neither college	12.20^**	7.05^*	1.78	-9.14^***	-7.68^**	-10.80^***	-0.81	24.33^*
	(4.74)	(2.77)	(2.70)	(2.63)	(2.48)	(3.07)	(8.98)	(10.23)
Mother college, father no college	-4.79	-1.23	2.20	-1.60	3.59	-4.31	27.69^*	14.54
	(6.27)	(2.90)	(4.32)	(3.57)	(4.95)	(3.55)	(13.44)	(13.66)
Father college, mother no college	4.34	9.97^*	0.79	-1.60	-5.05	-11.52^**	-26.44^*	-8.06
	(6.93)	(4.86)	(3.18)	(3.80)	(3.23)	(3.51)	(11.91)	(13.63)
Couple-level Race
Both white (reference)
Both non-white	11.98^**	-8.57^***	-12.51^***	-9.32^***	0.33	-1.26	3.03	8.01
	(4.11)	(2.45)	(2.25)	(2.08)	(2.75)	(2.32)	(7.86)	(8.27)
Mixed race	3.55	-13.10^***	-3.28	-0.02	1.91	1.52	1.21	-10.97
	(6.35)	(2.27)	(2.96)	(3.80)	(3.47)	(3.67)	(10.93)	(11.67)
Family Income
<$25,000	9.42	2.40	-2.69	4.65	-2.13	-6.81	2.79	-7.61
	(6.76)	(4.12)	(3.73)	(3.65)	(4.05)	(3.56)	(12.62)	(14.02)
$25,000-49,999	8.53	-1.51	-3.47	2.60	-2.59	-4.27	1.82	8.53
	(5.78)	(3.31)	(2.66)	(3.07)	(2.87)	(3.09)	(10.01)	(11.33)
$50,000-74,999	-0.86	-2.78	-0.76	5.31	4.06	0.20	6.77	-9.53
	(5.12)	(2.87)	(3.06)	(2.92)	(3.44)	(3.13)	(9.32)	(10.12)
$75,000+ (reference)
Physical Difficulty
Respondent	-38.46^*	-29.51^***	-13.45^*	1.82	1.44	1.90	-39.15	-67.51^*
	(15.26)	(4.70)	(5.98)	(8.35)	(6.25)	(10.76)	(30.40)	(29.51)
Spouse	3.03	-5.75	-1.64	-0.98	26.94	0.58	-13.14	-9.09
	(9.50)	(5.19)	(4.68)	(4.78)	(14.04)	(5.44)	(24.21)	(22.37)
Age of youngest child	1.15^*	0.58	-0.32	-3.76^***	-4.02^***	0.16	-15.04^***	-21.18^***
	(0.57)	(0.34)	(0.28)	(0.28)	(0.30)	(0.30)	(1.01)	(1.04)
Number of children under 18	4.27^*	0.20	-0.94	-6.87^***	-0.25	12.00^***	13.40^***	12.15^**
	(1.90)	(0.94)	(0.95)	(1.08)	(1.35)	(1.43)	(3.84)	(4.20)
Unemployed/Looking/Intends to find work
Respondent	17.27^*	1.30	-3.21	-5.98	-2.98	-13.79^***	-39.40^**	-8.11
	(8.25)	(3.58)	(3.28)	(3.95)	(3.84)	(4.07)	(12.37)	(13.73)
Spouse	5.92	1.13	2.11	-4.95	2.08	-2.10	-3.50	-4.84
	(4.34)	(3.49)	(3.34)	(2.63)	(3.88)	(2.16)	(11.70)	(12.85)
Retired
Respondent	11.70	18.11	-12.00	7.70	-3.00	-25.57^*	-134.32^***	-22.83
	(33.76)	(31.22)	(10.88)	(10.43)	(6.90)	(10.21)	(36.85)	(44.20)
Spouse	-26.17	-8.87	3.90	0.06	12.21	33.90	32.13	-11.76
	(17.99)	(7.09)	(7.62)	(5.04)	(7.45)	(18.16)	(36.82)	(62.98)
Infant (<6 months) in household	9.23	0.30	-2.05	-13.51^*	66.04^***	-7.57	32.06	-49.19^*
	(11.63)	(4.40)	(4.39)	(6.23)	(11.89)	(4.55)	(17.96)	(19.30)
Has non-residential child under 18	-15.04	-10.90^*	-7.44	10.00	-1.90	11.70	-4.27	-47.26
	(11.91)	(5.11)	(5.90)	(14.15)	(6.60)	(9.25)	(29.68)	(25.70)
Has non-own child under 18 in household	3.43	-2.69	-8.00^***	6.21	12.05	-2.89	-32.35	-3.61
	(18.56)	(4.28)	(2.25)	(13.54)	(14.48)	(5.07)	(23.48)	(31.41)
Weekday	24.12^***	-3.82	0.85	1.29	19.93^***	20.45^***	-63.67^***	-116.47^***
	(4.38)	(2.52)	(2.32)	(2.36)	(3.02)	(2.24)	(8.29)	(9.13)
Year
2008 (reference)
2009	-2.33	-6.01	-2.66	5.39	-10.25	-1.83	5.37	13.34
	(6.77)	(5.73)	(4.95)	(3.70)	(6.08)	(4.21)	(12.05)	(13.36)
2010	-1.48	-0.44	-5.97	8.40^*	-10.11	-2.66	-2.23	-7.96
	(6.68)	(5.83)	(4.92)	(3.75)	(5.42)	(4.11)	(12.23)	(13.05)
2011	-7.63	-3.04	0.80	5.64	-14.00^**	-3.97	0.94	16.42
	(6.73)	(5.95)	(5.24)	(3.66)	(5.40)	(4.17)	(12.13)	(13.16)
2012	-1.23	-5.33	-5.36	7.60	-10.32	-6.34	6.56	7.58
	(7.32)	(5.88)	(4.74)	(4.29)	(5.63)	(4.25)	(12.65)	(13.93)
Constant	-9.60	20.98^**	16.55^*	68.84^***	66.90^***	-8.06	563.35^***	511.08^***
	(14.81)	(7.94)	(7.03)	(7.68)	(10.04)	(7.52)	(28.33)	(30.29)

p<.05;

^**

p<.01;

^***

p<.001.

Note: Standard errors are in parentheses.