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Capsule based self-healing approaches. Leakage of healing agent from the capsules into the crack due to gravitational and capillary forces. Reaction of spherical/cylindrical encapsulated agent (dark colored inclusions) upon contact with (A,B) moisture or air or due to heating; (C,D) the cementitious matrix; (E,F) a second component present in the matrix (small, light colored inclusions) or (G,H) a second component provided by additional capsules (big, light colored inclusions).
