Table 1.

Examples of composite PCs, useful in several application fields.

PCs	AuNPs Diameter (nm)	PCs Lattice Diameter (nm)	PCs Lattice Materials	Composite PCs Fabrication Methods	Application Fields	Reference
Opals	~5	260–300	PS	Infiltration	optics	[58]
	~40	~300	PS	Infiltration	optics	[59]
	--	~300	PS	Infiltration	optics	[60]
	--	520	PS	Deposition	optics	[13]
	~10	~695	PS@SiO2	Inclusion	optics	[61]
	~10	400	PANI	Inclusion	sensing	[62]
	~7–10	300; 400	SiO2	CVD	optics	[36]
		200–1000	SiO2	Infiltration	sensing	[63]
	--	--	SiO2	Infiltration	biomedicine	[64]
Inverse opals	12 ± 1.5	200; 400	SiO2	Infiltration	SERS	[65]
	187 ± 2; 353 ± 7	500–600	SiO2	Infiltration	optics	[66]
	6; 30	~200–400	SiO2	Co-deposition	sensing	[34]
	~10	~200	SiO2	Co-assembly	optics	[17]
	~20	398	TiO2	Co-deposition	optics	[35]
	~10	~200	TiO2	Co-deposition	photocatalysis	[67]
	~3–5	155–285	TiO2	Co-deposition	photocatalysis	[68]

PANI: Polyaniline; CVD: Chemical vapor deposition; SERS: Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy.