Skip to main content
. 2017 Jun 5;12(6):e0178954. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178954

Table 2. Collaborative care human resources.

Health workers and backgrounds Nb of pro-grammes Roles Training and supervision
Doctors: Primary care (PC) doctors unless otherwise specified 12

  • exclude organic disease/ general healthcare (6)

  • identification, referral, follow-up (4)

  • psychiatric diagnosis/ treatment by community gynaecologists (2)/ PC doctor (2)

  • counselling (1)

  • ad hoc supervision and ongoing training (10)

  • weekly supervision (1- gynaecologist)
Non-physician professionals: 4 social workers (SW); 1 nurse 4

  • outreach work (identify, refer, follow-up, facilitate rehab activities)

  • supervise LHWs/ care managers

  • counselling (Banyan RMHP)

  • regular by psychiatrist (4), psychologist (4) or primary health-worker (PHW) coordinator (1)
Lay health workers (LHWs): primary/ secondary school (13); graduate (1-GASS) 14

  • identification, referral

  • sensitisation

  • medication adherence

  • psychosocial support

  • counselling (7)

  • facilitate income generating/self-help groups/patient advocacy (4)

  • conducting surveys (1)

  • bring patients to camps (4)

  • Training: by specialists

  • Supervision: by care managers
Community members: community leaders/members (MICP, NBJK, Ashwini); self-help groups/forums (Ashagram, SACRED) 5

  • identification/ referral (4)

  • general support, patient advocacy (5)

  • ad hoc by coordinators
Care managers (CMs): experienced LHWs (8); graduates/SW (4); gynaecologist (2); psychiatrist (1) 15

  • patient-LHW-specialist liaison

  • coordinate activities

  • clinical roles (not all, some had none);

  • train and supervise LHWs

  • Training: by specialists

  • Supervision:
    • LHW CMs: by SW, psychiatric social worker (PSW) or graduate coordinator
    • professional CMs: by psychiatrist /head
Training and administrative coordinators: graduates 5

  • coordinate programme activities (5)

  • coordinate training (1)

  • train/supervise PHWs/community members (3)

  • by specialists
Specialists (team structure): specialist MDTs i.e. psychiatrist +/-psychologist+/-PSW (7); linked psychiatrist (6); no psychiatrist (for referral only) (1) (have psychologist/PSW) 15

  • outreach clinics (12)

  • counselling (by PSW) (1)

  • PHW training (9)

  • supervision of professional PHW (5) or care manager (5)

  • organisation leadership (3 psychiatrists, 3 psychologist/PSWs)

  • none

Banyan RMHP: rural mental health programme; GASS: Grameena Abhyudaya Seva Samasthe—community based rehabilitation (CBR) workers programme; MICP: Mallapuram initiative in Community Psychiatry; NBJK: Nav Bharat Jagrath Kendra.