Table 2.2.

Hyperelastic models and their parameters for healthy skin

Species	Experiment method	Anatomic site	Material model with free energy function	Model Parameters
Human	Uniaxial tension	Various sites	Veronda-Westmann $W=C_1[{\mathrm{e}}^{C_2({\mathrm{I}}_1-3)}-1]-\frac{C_1{C}_2}{2}({\mathrm{I}}_2-3)$	(e*) C1 = 0.00124±8.78×10−5 C2 = 1.07±0.148 [23]
	Suction	Volar forearm	Extended Mooney Rivlin W = C10(I1−3)+C11(I1−3)(I1−3)	(ivv) C10 = (9.4±3.6) kPa C11 = (82±60) kPa [24]
		Volar forearm	Neo-Hookean W = C1(I1−3)	(ivv) C1,ul = 0.11kPa ** C1,rd = 160kPa [25]
	Uniaxial tension	Posterior upper arm (straight)	Ogden $W=\frac{2\mu }{{\alpha }^2}({\lambda }_1^{\alpha }+{\lambda }_2^{\alpha }+{\lambda }_3^{\alpha })-p(J-1)$	(ivv) μ = 9.6kPa α = 35.993 [26]
		Posterior upper arm (bent)		(ivv) μ = 9.6kPa α = 35.993[26]
		Anterior upper forearm		(ivv) μ = 39.8kPa α = 33.452[26]
		Anterior lower forearm		(ivv) μ = 2.6kPa α = 35.883[26]
	Bi-axial tension	Medial forearm	Ogden $W=\frac{\mu }{\alpha }({\lambda }_1^{\alpha }+{\lambda }_2^{\alpha }+{\lambda }_3^{\alpha }-3)-p(J-1)$	(ivv) μ = 10Pa α = 26 [27]
	Uniaxial compression	Abdominal	Ogden $W=\frac{2\mu }{{\alpha }^2}({\lambda }_1^{\alpha }+{\lambda }_2^{\alpha }+{\lambda }_3^{\alpha }-3)$	(ivtr) μ = 0.1MPa α = 9
Murine	Uniaxial tension	Along the spline	Veronda-Westmann $W=C_1[{\mathrm{e}}^{C_2({\mathrm{I}}_1-3)}-1]-\frac{C_1{C}_2}{2}({\mathrm{I}}_2-3)$	(e) C1 = 0.000278±0.000118 C2 = 10.2±2.71 [23]

^*(e) indicates ex vivo test, (ivv) indicates in vivo test, and (ivtr) indicates in vitro test

^**In [25] the skin is divided into two layers: upper layer (epidermis + papillary dermis) and the reticular dermis. C is obtained for each layer.