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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: Burns. 2016 Dec 5;43(5):909–932. doi: 10.1016/j.burns.2016.11.014

Table 3.

Thermal conductivity, heat capacity, and thermal inertia of healthy skin

Species Layer Thermal conductivity k (W/(m·K)) Heat capacity C (J/(kg·K)) Thermal inertia k ρ C (W2·s/(m4·K2))×105
Human Epidermis (e*) 0.21 ([28][29])
Dermis (e) 0.29[28]
Subcutaneous fat (e) 0.20[28][30]
(e) 0.21 [28][31][32]
(e) 0.22[28][33]
(ivv) 0.21–0.37[28][34]
(ivv) 0.23–0.27[16]
(ivv) 0.37(upper 2mm)
(ivv) 0.54 (cool)		 (e)4.55±0.5[33]
Skin as a single layer (ivv) 2.81 (warm)[28][35]
(ivv) 0.33–3.14[28][36]
(ivv) 0.31[28][37]
(ivv) 0.38[28][33]
(ivv) 0.29[28]
(ivv) 0.50–0.75 (23–25°C)[7]
(ivv)0.385–0.393[16]		 (ivv)12.25–25.39[28]
(ivv)19.43[28]
(ivv)15.76[28][33][38]
(ivv)13.13–31.69[28][39]
(ivv) 15.76–70.03 [7]
(ivv) 15.1±0.9 [40]
(e) 9.63 (dry)–13.13(moist)[33]
Porcine Epidermis (ivtr)0.21[41] (e)3600[41]
Dermis (ivtr)0.37[41] (e)3224[41]
Subcutaneous fat (ivtr)0.16[41] (e)2303[41]
Skin as a single layer (e) 3349[7]
*

(e) indicates ex vivo test, (ivv) indicates in vivo test, and (ivtr) indicates in vitro test

**

The values reported in literature have been converted to SI units in the table.