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Emphysema and interstitial lung abnormalities as an independent risk factor for future lung cancer in COPD patients
| OR (95% CI) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|
| Emphysema | ||
| Present vs none | 4.2 (1.0–29.0) | 0.049 |
| Interstitial lung abnormality | ||
| Present vs none | 15.6 (4.4–65.4) | <0.0001 |
Note: Multivariate logistic analysis adjusted by gender, age, and pack-years.
Abbreviations: COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.
