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. 2017 Jun 6;8:233. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2017.00233

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Copyright © 2017 Siracusa, Impellizzeri, Cordaro, Crupi, Esposito, Petrosino and Cuzzocrea.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Effects of co-ultraPEALut treatment on nitrotyrosine and PAR formation in VaD. Brain sections from Sham mice did not stain for nitrotyrosine (A,A1,B,B1,G) and for PAR (H,H1,I,I1,N), sections from VaD mice exhibited positive immunostaining for nitrotyrosine (C,C1,D,D1,G) and PAR formation (J,J1,K,K1,N). Treatment with co-ultraPEALut reduced the degree of positive immunostaining for nitrotyrosine (E,E1,F,F1,G) and for PAR formation (L,L1,M,M1,N) in hippocampal CA1 and CA3 regions. (G) ***p < 0.001 vs. Sham; ^###p < 0.001 vs. VaD; (N) ***p < 0.001 vs. Sham; ^###p < 0.001 vs. VaD, as determined by one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni post hoc test.