Table 2.

Abuse definitions

Source	Definition
National Poison Data System [9]	Intentional improper or incorrect use of a substance where the victim was likely attempting to achieve a euphoric or psychotropic effect. All recreational use of substances for any reason is included.
Researched Abuse, Diversion and Addiction-Related Surveillance [13]	Use to get high; use in combination with other drugs to get high; use as a substitute for other drugs of abuse.
Federation of State Medical Boards [14]	The use of any substance(s) for non-therapeutic purposes or use of medication for purposes other than those for which it is prescribed.
Institute of Medicine [18]	Same as ICD-10 and DSM-IV.
Tufts Health Care Institute expert panel [19]	Any use of an illegal drug; the intentional self-administration of a medication for a nonmedical purpose such as altering one’s state of consciousness, eg, getting high.
National Institute on Drug Abuse [23]	The use of a medication without a prescription, in a way other than as prescribed, or for the experience or feelings elicited.
American Medical Association – Council on Scientific Affairs, Panel on Alcoholism and Drug Abuse [29]	The use of a psychoactive substance in a manner detrimental to the individual or society but not meeting criteria for substance or drug dependence.
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration [36]	Nonmedical use of a substance for psychic effect, dependence, or suicide attempt or gesture.
US Food and Drug Administration [39,40]	The nonmedical use of a drug, repeatedly or even sporadically, for the positive psychoactive effects it produces.
World Health Organization [43]	Persistent or sporadic excessive drug use inconsistent with or unrelated to acceptable medical practice.