Table 1.
Association of baseline patient characteristics and renal flare/de novo disease
| Patient Characteristics | Total (%) | No Kidney Flare/De Novo (%) | Kidney Flare/De Novo (%) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | 373 | 356 | 17 | |
| Demographics | ||||
| Ethnicity/race | 0.62 | |||
| Non-Hispanic white | 179 (47.99) | 171 (48.03) | 8 (47.06) | |
| Hispanic all races | 62 (16.62) | 59 (16.57) | 3 (17.65) | |
| Black | 74 (19.84) | 71 (19.94) | 3 (17.65) | |
| Asian | 41 (10.99) | 40 (11.24) | 1 (5.88) | |
| Other | 17 (4.56) | 15 (4.21) | 2 (11.76) | |
| Mean age (SD), y | 30.9 (4.90) | 31.0 (4.87) | 29.6 (5.52) | 0.26 |
| Clinical history | ||||
| History of kidney disease | <0.001 | |||
| No kidney disease | 255 (68.36) | 251 (70.51) | 4 (23.53) | |
| Complete remission | 89 (23.86) | 82 (23.03) | 7 (41.18) | |
| Partial remission | 29 (7.77) | 23 (6.46) | 6 (35.29) | |
| aPL status | 0.14 | |||
| aPL+ | 50 (13.40) | 50 (14.04) | 0 (0.00) | |
| aPL− | 323 (86.60) | 306 (94.74) | 17 (100.00) | |
| Pregnancy history | 0.33 | |||
| Primigravida | 155 (41.55) | 150 (42.13) | 5 (29.41) | |
| Multigravida | 218 (58.45) | 206 (57.87) | 12 (70.59) | |
| Physical examination | ||||
| Mean systolic BP (SD), mmHg | 112.1 (12.96) | 111.8 (12.79) | 117.9 (15.40) | 0.13 |
| Mean diastolic BP (SD), mmHg | 67.7 (9.51) | 67.5 (9.48) | 70.0 (10.22) | 0.30 |
| Laboratory data | ||||
| Mean creatinine (SD), mg/dl | 0.64 (0.14) | 0.64 (0.14) | 0.67 (0.15) | 0.27 |
| C and anti-dsDNA antibody status | 0.01 | |||
| Positive anti-dsDNA and low C (low C3 and/or C4) | 80 (21.45) | 73 (20.51) | 7 (41.18) | |
| Positive anti-dsDNA only | 75 (20.11) | 74 (20.79) | 1 (5.88) | |
| Low C only (low C3 and/or C4) | 42 (11.26) | 37 (10.39) | 5 (29.41) | |
| Normal anti-dsDNA and normal C | 176 (47.18) | 172 (48.31) | 4 (23.53) | |
| C3 | 0.01 | |||
| Normal | 286 (79.89) | 277 (81.23) | 9 (52.94) | |
| Low | 72 (20.11) | 64 (18.77) | 8 (47.06) | |
| C4 | <0.001 | |||
| Normal | 265 (74.23) | 259 (76.18) | 6 (35.29) | |
| Low | 92 (25.77) | 81 (23.82) | 11 (64.71) | |
| Anti-dsDNA | 0.63 | |||
| Negative | 218 (58.45) | 209 (58.71) | 9(52.94) | |
| Positive | 155 (41.55) | 147 (41.29) | 8 (47.06) | |
| Medications | ||||
| Glucocorticoids | 0.13 | |||
| No | 224 (60.05) | 217 (60.96) | 7 (41.18) | |
| Yes | 149 (39.95) | 139 (39.04) | 10 (58.82) | |
| Hydroxychloroquine | 0.45 | |||
| No | 141 (37.80) | 133 (37.36) | 8 (47.06) | |
| Yes | 232 (62.20) | 223 (62.64) | 9 (52.94) | |
| Azathioprine | 0.51 | |||
| No | 308 (82.57) | 295 (82.87) | 13 (76.47) | |
| Yes | 65 (17.43) | 61 (17.13) | 4 (23.53) | |
| Heparin | 0.14 | |||
| No | 294 (78.82) | 278 (78.09) | 16 (94.12) | |
| Yes | 79 (21.18) | 78 (21.91) | 1 (5.88) | |
| Aspirin | 0.19 | |||
| No | 244 (65.42) | 230 (64.61) | 14 (82.35) | |
| Yes | 129 (34.58) | 126 (35.39) | 3 (17.65) | |
| Antihypertensives | >0.99 | |||
| No | 340 (91.15) | 324 (91.01) | 16 (94.12) | |
| Yes | 33 (8.85) | 32 (8.99) | 1 (5.88) |
Values are numbers (percentages) unless otherwise indicated. Baseline levels were measured at screening (first trimester). aPL, antiphospholipid antibody; dsDNA, double-stranded DNA.