Table 2.
Costs included in the Markov models
| Event | Cost, $ |
|---|---|
| AVF placement (4) | 888.37 |
| AVG placement (4) | 643.04 |
| CVC placement (4) | 318.90 |
| CVC removal (4) | 154.39 |
| Hospitalization for access infection (4) | 23,137.59 |
| Percutaneous procedure (4) | 508.04 |
| Adjusted hospital costs (5)a | 8601.19 |
| Death (24) | 10,917.36 |
Data sources for costs are indicated by references. AVF, arteriovenous fistula; AVG, arteriovenous graft; CVC, central venous catheter.
a
Adjusted hospital costs are defined as total cost =1/2 outpatient costs +1/2 inpatient costs.