Table 3.
Quartile of Trimester-Specific Urinary BPA (Micrograms per Liter) and Blood Glucose Levels Among Pregnant Women in the EARTH Study
|
Second-Trimester Adjusted Blood Glucose Levelsa
(95% CI) in Milligrams per Deciliter From GCT | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Quartile (Range) of SG-Adjusted BPA Concentration |
BPA Measured in the First Trimester (n = 208) |
Quartile (Range) of SG-Adjusted BPA Concentration |
BPA Measured in the Second Trimester (n = 209) | ||
| Unadjusted | Adjustedb | Unadjusted | Adjustedb | ||
| Q1 (<LOD to 0.78) | 119 (111 to 126) | 121 (113 to 129) | Q1 (<LOD to 0.66) | 107 (100 to 113) | 106 (100 to 112) |
| Q2 (0.78 to 1.24) | 111 (104 to 118) | 115 (107 to 122) | Q2 (0.67 to 1.05) | 112 (106 to 119) | 115 (108 to 121) |
| Q3 (1.24 to 2.28) | 115 (108 to 122) | 116 (109 to 124) | Q3 (1.09 to 2.10) | 116 (109 to 123) | 114 (107 to 121) |
| Q4 (2.35 to 15.9) | 112 (105 to 119) | 114 (106 to 122) | Q4 (2.24 to 59.6) | 118 (111 to 126)c | 119 (112 to 126)c |
| P trendb | 0.30 | 0.19 | P-trendb | 0.02 | 0.01 |
Abbreviations: CI, confident interval; EARTH, Environmental and Reproductive Health; LOD, limit of detection; Q, quartile.
Adjusted models controlled for maternal age (years), prepregnancy overweight or obese (<25 kg/m2, ≥25 kg/m2), total physical activity (h/wk), family history of diabetes, race (white, nonwhite), infertility diagnosis (male factor, female factor, unexplained), urine sampling session (morning collection, afternoon collection), and fetus number in a pregnancy (1, 2).
Tests for linear trend were performed using the median urinary BPA concentration in each quartile as a continuous variable in the model.
P value for comparison against Q1 <0.05.