Table 1. Comparison of general characteristics between H-HEMS and GEMS groups.
| No. (%) of patients | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| H-HEMS (n = 63) | GEMS (n = 249) | ||
| Men | 45 (71.4) | 181 (72.7) | 0.841 |
| Age, yr | 56 (44–69) | 55 (40–67) | 0.532 |
| SBP | 0.464 | ||
| Normotension (SBP ≥ 90 mmHg) | 57 (90.5) | 212 (85.1) | |
| Hypotension (SBP < 90 mmHg) | 6 (9.5) | 39 (14.9) | |
| GCS | 0.003 | ||
| > 14 | 34 (54.0) | 177 (71.1) | |
| 9–13 | 9 (14.3) | 34 (13.7) | |
| 3–8 | 20 (31.7) | 38 (15.3) | |
| ISS | 21 (17–25) | 22 (17–26) | 0.857 |
| Scene missions | 8 (12.7) | 76 (30.5) | 0.004 |
| Transportation time, min | 30 (27.0–36.0) | 50 (45.0–78.5) | < 0.001 |
| Transportation distance, km | 65 (54–78) | 48 (42–80) | 0.053 |
| Average time from injury to arrival ED, min | |||
| Direct transport, min | 104.5 (90.3–143.5) | 73.0 (58.0–97.5) | 0.006 |
| Interhospital transport, min | 179.0 (134.0–264.0) | 237.0 (161.3–400.8) | 0.008 |
| ED to operation time, min | 102.0 (48.5–200.5) | 129.0 (89.0–218.8) | 0.087 |
| ED to ICU time, min | 207.0 (151.0–405.8) | 198.5 (150.0–287.8) | 0.518 |
Values are presented as median (IQR) or number (%).
H-HEMS = hospital-based helicopter emergency medical services, GEMS = ground emergency medical services, SBP = systolic blood pressure, GCS = Glasgow Coma Scale, ISS = injury severity score, ED = emergency department, ICU = intensive care unit, IQR = interquartile range.