Table 2.

Summary of findings of T cell activity in antibody-associated central nervous system diseases.

Disease	T cell antigen	Implicated CD4+ T cell subset(s) and dysregulation of associated cytokines and chemokines	HLA associations	Associated antibody	Reference
Neuromyelitis optica	AQP4	Th1: IFN-γ; Th17: IL-17, IL-6, IL-10	HLA-DRB1*03, HLA-DRB3, HLA-DP1*0501	Anti-AQP4 IgG	Brum et al. (163), Deschamps et al. (164), Matsuya et al. (165), Tanaka et al. (166), Uzawa et al. (167), Vaknin-Dembinsky et al. (168), Varrin-Doyer et al. (169), Wang et al. (170), Zephir et al. (171)
Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis	Unknown	Th1: IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-2; Th2; IL-4, IL-6, G-CSF, IL-10; Th17: IL-17, IL-6, G-CSF, IL-10; Chemokines: CXCL10, CCL1, CCL7, CCL22	Unknown	Anti-MOG IgG	Dale and Morovat (172), Ichiyama et al. (173), Ishizu et al. (174), Jorens et al. (175), Pohl-Koppe et al. (176), Yoshitomi et al. (177)
Stiff person syndrome	GAD65	Th1: IFN-γ; Th2: IL-13, IL-4, IL-5	HLA-DQB*0201, HLA-DRB1*0301	Anti-GAD IgG	Costa et al. (178), Hanninen et al. (179), Hummel et al. (180), Pugliese et al. (181), Schloot et al. (182), Skorstad et al. (183)
Anti-NMDAR encephalitis	Unknown	Th1: IFN-γ, TNF-α; Th17: IL-17, IL-6, IL-23; Chemokines: CXCL10	Unknown	Anti-NMDAR IgG	Byun et al. (184), Kothur et al. (185), Lee et al. (186), Liba et al. (187), Ulusoy et al. (188)