Figure 3.

Studies reporting the incident rate for thrombosis per 1000 patient days. Dashed line refers to the median event rate per 1000 patient days. AVF-T, transposed arteriovenous fistula; buttonhole, all patients cannulated using a buttonhole technique; DUS monitoring, duplex ultrasound monitoring of blood flow; DVPM, dynamic venous pressure monitoring; elderly, ≥65 years unless otherwise specified; infrared, patients received far infrared therapy 3 times weekly for a year; lower arm, cohort made up of all lower arm fistulas; NM, no monitoring (standard care); Qa surveillance, access blood flow monitoring; standard, no specific cohort followed; TUS surveillance, transonic ultrasound monitoring of blood flow; upper arm, cohort made up of all upper arm fistulas; VABFM, vascular access blood flow monitoring.