Table 1.
Assessment tool used to grade bias and quality of individual papers that met all inclusion criteria for One Health studies.
| Criteria | Scorea |
|---|---|
| 1. Was the research question or objective in this paper clearly stated? | |
| 2. Was the study population clearly specified and defined? | |
| 3. Were sample size calculations reported? | |
| 4. Was the study sample selected to be representative of the study population? | |
| 5. Was ethical approval reported for both humans and animals? | |
| 6. Were inclusion and exclusion criteria for being in the study pre-specified and applied uniformly to all participants? | |
| 7. Were the laboratory measures clearly defined, valid, reliable, and implemented consistently across all study participants? | |
| 8. Were any of the environmental, human, or animal samples measured at multiple time points? | |
| 9. Were molecular detection methods used for all sample types? | |
| 10. Was the overall participation percentage reported? | |
| 11. Did statistical tests include variance and effect estimates? | |
| Total score (out of 11)b |
a
Yes = 1 point; no = 0 points.
b
Low = 0–3; moderate = 4–7; high = 8–11.