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. 2017 Jun 7;7:2989. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-02529-y

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Multivariate OPLS –DA cross-validated scores and loadings S-plots for UPLC-MS based lipid profiling (ESI +/−) (a) and (c) comparing the varicose veins and non-varicose veins samples and (b) and (d) showing the S loadings plots for the OPLS-DA models. Metabolites at the outer most edges of the S plot are present in higher concentration in one or other group. Robustness of the OPLS-DA model was confirmed by permutations testing. TG Triglyceride, PC Phosphatidylcholine, SM Sphingomyelin, PE Phosphatidylethanolamine, PS phosphatidylserine.