Table 2. Clinical characteristics of patient-derived organoids and outcomes of orthotopic transplantation experiments.
All patient-derived organoid transplantation studies were performed in NSG mice. Tumors were identified by colonoscopy and confirmed by necropsy and histology. For all experiments, two injections were performed per mouse. (T: Tumor; N: Node; M: Metastasis; MSS: microsatellite stable; MSI-H: microsatellite instability-high).
Patient | Age | Sex | Location / pathology | Stage | Mutations | Primary tumors / mice | Liver metastases / primary tumors | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Week 4 | Week 8 | Week 12 | Week 24 | |||||||
A | 61 | Female | Moderately differentiated liver metastasis from rectal adenocarcinoma | T4 M1 |
MSS. Mutations in KRAS, TP53, PTCH1 | 17/18 | 0/7 | 1/3 | 2/4 | 2/3 |
B | 68 | Female | Right colon adenocarcinoma with peritumoral lymphocytic infiltrate | Tis N0 M0 |
MSI-H, loss of MSH6 nuclear expression on IHC. KRAS wild-type. Mutations in TP53 and PIK3CA | 12/13 | 0/3 | 1/5 | 2/4 | - |
C | 47 | Female | Moderately differentiated peritoneal metastasis from right colon | T4b N1b M1b |
MSS. Mutation in KRAS | 11/11 | 0/4 | 1/4 | 1/3 | - |
All patients (%) | - | - | - | - | - | 40/42 (95%) | 0/14 (0%) | 3/12 (25% | 5/11 (45%) | 2/3 (67%) |