Table 1.
Characteristics of patients at baseline/prerandomisation who have P-selectin data and were on antiplatelet therapy either taken before stroke or given acutely after stroke. Data are number (%), median [interquartile range], or mean (standard deviation). Comparison across all antiplatelet groups by Chi-square test, Kruskal-Wallis test, or one-way analysis of variance.
| Whole trial | With P-selectin | Aspirin | Asp/Dip | Asp/Clop† | Clopidogrel | None | 2p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | 3096 | 689 | 430 | 50 | 42 | 54 | 111 | |
| Age (years)‡ | 69.0 (10.1) | 68.6 (10.4) | 68.9 (10.3) | 70.3 (10.7) | 70.5 (9.7) | 68.9 (11.4) | 66.3 (9.9) | 0.078 |
| Sex, male (%)‡ | 1945 (62.8) | 450 (65.3) | 277 (64.4) | 33 (66.0) | 26 (61.9) | 35 (64.8) | 78 (70.3) | 0.81 |
| History (%) | ||||||||
| Hypertension | 1827 (59.0) | 400 (58.1) | 276 (64.2) | 27 (54.0) | 28 (66.7) | 28 (51.9) | 41 (36.9) | <0.001 |
| Hyperlipidaemia | 1317 (42.5) | 278 (40.3) | 181 (42.1) | 24 (48.0) | 20 (47.6) | 21 (38.9) | 31 (27.9) | 0.24 |
| Diabetes | 590 (19.1) | 144 (20.9) | 101 (23.5) | 6 (12.0) | 13 (31.0) | 8 (14.8) | 16 (14.4) | 0.03 |
| Previous stroke | 349 (11.3) | 67 (9.7) | 32 (7.4) | 15 (30.0) | 10 (23.8) | 7 (13.0) | 3 (2.7) | <0.001 |
| Previous TIA | 337 (10.9) | 68 (9.9) | 36 (8.4) | 17 (34.0) | 4 (9.5) | 10 (18.5) | 1 (0.9) | <0.001 |
| Ischaemic heart disease | 403 (13.0) | 71 (10.3) | 51 (11.9) | 7 (14.0) | 5 (11.9) | 4 (7.4) | 3 (2.7) | 0.05 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 70 (2.3) | 8 (1.2) | 4 (0.9) | 2 (4.0) | 1 (2.4) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.9) | 0.46 |
| Smoking | ||||||||
| Current (%) | 784 (25.7) | 172 (25.4) | 111 (26.1) | 9 (18.4) | 10 (23.8) | 9 (17.0) | 32 (30.2) | 0.32 |
| Past (%) | 1160 (38.0) | 244 (36.0) | 162 (38.0) | 22 (44.9) | 11 (26.2) | 15 (28.3) | 33 (31.1) | 0.16 |
| Never (%) | 1108 (36.3) | 262 (38.6) | 153 (35.9) | 18 (36.7) | 21 (50.0) | 29 (54.7) | 41 (38.7) | 0.051 |
| Alcohol | ||||||||
| High > 21 upw (%) | 291 (9.7) | 82 (12.3) | 50 (11.9) | 8 (17.0) | 4 (10.0) | 6 (11.8) | 14 (13.5) | 0.85 |
| Moderate 1–21 upw (%) | 1696 (56.5) | 385 (57.9) | 242 (57.5) | 24 (51.1) | 23 (57.5) | 32 (62.7) | 62 (59.6) | 0.82 |
| None (%) | 1014 (33.8) | 198 (29.8) | 129 (30.6) | 15 (31.9) | 13 (32.5) | 13 (25.5) | 28 (26.9) | 0.87 |
| Index event (%) | ||||||||
| Ischaemic stroke | 2143 (69.2) | 517 (75.0) | 315 (73.3) | 36 (72.0) | 32 (76.2) | 43 (79.6) | 90 (81.1) | 0.44 |
| TIA | 953 (30.8) | 172 (25.0) | 115 (26.7) | 14 (28.0) | 10 (23.8) | 11 (20.4) | 21 (18.9) | 0.44 |
| Stroke | ||||||||
| NIHSS (/42)‡ | 3.0 [2.0, 5.0] | 3.0 [2.0, 5.0] | 3.0 [2.0, 5.0] | 3.0 [1.5, 4.0] | 3.0 [2.0, 4.5] | 3.0 [2.0, 5.0] | 3.0 [1.0, 5.0] | 0.95 |
| Alteplase (%)‡ | 336 (15.7) | 94 (18.2) | 44 (14.0) | 6 (16.7) | 6 (18.8) | 11 (25.6) | 27 (30.0) | 0.0078 |
| TIA | ||||||||
| ABCD2 (/7)‡ | 5.0 [5.0, 6.0] | 5.0 [5.0, 6.0] | 5.0 [5.0, 6.0] | 5.5 [5.0, 6.0] | 6.0 [5.0, 7.0] | 5.0 [5.0, 6.0] | 6.0 [5.0, 6.0] | 0.18 |
| ≥TIA in previous week (%) | 183 (19.2) | 27 (15.7) | 15 (13.0) | 4 (28.6) | 4 (40.0) | 2 (18.2) | 2 (9.5) | 0.11 |
| TOAST (%) | ||||||||
| Cardioembolic | 133 (4.3) | 29 (4.3) | 20 (4.7) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (7.3) | 1 (1.9) | 5 (4.5) | 0.39 |
| Large artery | 1225 (40.1) | 256 (37.6) | 178 (42.0) | 13 (26.0) | 10 (24.4) | 16 (30.2) | 39 (35.5) | 0.029 |
| Lacunar | 490 (16.0) | 130 (19.1) | 68 (16.0) | 15 (30.0) | 9 (22.0) | 16 (30.2) | 21 (19.1) | 0.028 |
| Mixed | 22 (0.7) | 4 (0.6) | 2 (0.5) | 1 (2.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.9) | 0.64 |
| Unknown | 1181 (38.6) | 261 (38.4) | 156 (36.8) | 21 (42.0) | 19 (46.3) | 20 (37.7) | 44 (40.0) | 0.74 |
| Systolic BP (mmHg)‡ | 143.5 (18.2) | 141.8 (18.2) | 142.3 (18.6) | 138.4 (18.0) | 139.8 (18.5) | 143.7 (16.6) | 141.8 (17.0) | 0.52 |
| Onset to randomisation [hrs]‡ | 29.3 [21.8,39.6] | 29.8 [22.3,40.3] | 29.7 [22.5,40.1] | 30.5 [21.6,43.3] | 32.5 [24.8,43.4] | 30.0 [23.5,41.2] | 29.2 [17.5,39.0] | 0.23 |
| Drug history (%) | ||||||||
| In hospital | ||||||||
| Aspirin f | 2197 (71.0) | 463 (67.2) | 398 (92.6) | 40 (80.0) | 25 (59.5) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | <0.001 |
| Clopidogrel f | 208 (6.7) | 78 (11.3) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 30 (71.4) | 47 (87.0) | 0 (0.0) | <0.001 |
| Dipyridamole f | 154 (5.0) | 36 (5.2) | 0 (0.0) | 35 (70.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | <0.001 |
| Antihypertensives | 1742 (56.3) | 383 (55.6) | 262 (60.9) | 28 (56.0) | 29 (69.0) | 26 (48.1) | 37 (33.3) | <0.001 |
| Lipid lowering | 1387 (44.8) | 301 (43.7) | 196 (45.6) | 22 (44.0) | 28 (66.7) | 25 (46.3) | 29 (26.1) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes medication | 485 (15.7) | 116 (16.8) | 85 (19.8) | 6 (12.0) | 11 (26.2) | 6 (11.1) | 8 (7.2) | 0.0054 |
| Gastroprotection medication | 1343 (43.4) | 257 (37.3) | 165 (38.4) | 19 (38.0) | 15 (35.7) | 22 (40.7) | 36 (32.4) | 0.80 |
One patient on triple antiplatelet therapy and one patient on dipyridamole alone (protocol violations) are excluded.
†Protocol violation [34]; ‡Minimisation factor used during randomisation; f number (%) of those given the drug following stroke/TIA and prior to randomisation. Asp: aspirin; BP: blood pressure; Clop: clopidogrel; Dip: dipyridamole; PACS: partial anterior circulation syndrome; TACS: total anterior circulation syndrome.