Table III.
Unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios for reported drinking status among all men (n=2811) and drinking status among case–control pairs (n=440)
| Variable | All men (n=2811)
|
Case–control pairs (n=440)
|
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unadjusted
|
Adjusted
|
Unadjusted
|
Adjusted
|
|||||
| OR (95% CI) | p value | OR (95% CI) | p value | OR (95% CI) | p value | OR (95% CI) | p value | |
| Age (years)* | ||||||||
| 18–24 | Reference category | Reference category | ||||||
| 25–32 | 5.39 (3.65–7.98) | <0.001 | 3.07 (1.97–4.76) | <0.001 | ||||
| 33–45 | 8.35 (5.71–12.22) | <0.001 | 3.98 (2.52–6.26) | <0.001 | ||||
| ≥46 | 7.77 (5.31–11.37) | <0.001 | 4.33 (2.74–6.84) | <0.001 | ||||
| Area | ||||||||
| Uthramatha Koil | Reference category | Reference category | ||||||
| Filterbed Medu | 1.82 (1.40–2.38) | <0.001 | 1.88 (1.40–2.54) | <0.001 | ||||
| Devaraj Nagar | 0.65 (0.48–0.88) | 0.006 | 1.27 (0.88–1.82) | 0.198 | ||||
| SSK Maniyam | 1.89 (1.39–2.56) | <0.001 | 1.56 (1.12–2.18) | 0.009 | ||||
| MGR Nagar | 1.99 (1.43–2.78) | <0.001 | 1.87 (1.30–2.68) | <0.001 | ||||
| Bharathiyar Nagar | 1.22 (0.83–1.78) | 0.317 | 1.00 (0.66–1.51) | 0.987 | ||||
| Married | 4.82 (3.73–6.23) | <0.001 | 2.26 (1.65–3.11) | <0.001 | 1.36 (0.93–1.98) | 0.117 | ||
| Ten years or more education† | 0.35 (0.27–0.45) | <0.001 | 0.58 (0.43–0.78) | <0.001 | 0.66 (0.45–0.96) | 0.030 | ||
| Low socioeconomic class | 1.80 (1.46–2.20) | <0.001 | 1.92 (1.51–2.43) | <0.001 | 1.55 (1.14–2.11) | 0.006 | 1.32 (0.97–1.81) | 0.081 |
| Religion | ||||||||
| Hindu | Reference category | Reference category | Reference category | Reference category | ||||
| Christian | 0.75 (0.54–1.06) | 0.099 | 0.70 (0.48–1.02) | 0.064 | 0.76 (0.45–1.28) | 0.300 | 0.84 (0.50–1.42) | 0.508 |
| Muslim | 0.14 (0.09–0.21) | <0.001 | 0.12 (0.07–0.19) | <0.001 | 0.40 (0.19–0.84) | 0.016 | 0.43 (0.20–0.91) | 0.028 |
| Others | – | – | – | – | ||||
| Occupation | ||||||||
| Unemployed | Reference category | Reference category | Reference category | Reference category | ||||
| Unskilled labourer | 3.98 (2.73–5.80) | <0.001 | 2.93 (1.95–4.42) | <0.001 | 2.69 (1.38–5.27) | 0.004 | 2.08 (1.05–4.13) | 0.035 |
| Skilled labourer | 3.14 (2.05–4.80) | <0.001 | 2.97 (1.85–4.77) | <0.001 | 2.60 (1.27–5.34) | 0.009 | 2.04 (0.98–4.28) | 0.058 |
| Service-related | 0.80 (0.27–2.34) | 0.684 | 1.06 (0.35–3.24) | 0.918 | – | – | – | – |
| Business | 1.09 (0.37–3.23) | 0.875 | 1.23 (0.39–3.86) | 0.728 | 0.70 (0.09–5.51) | 0.733 | 0.80 (0.10–6.35) | 0.836 |
| Agriculture-related | – | – | – | – | ||||
| High income/professionals | – | – | – | – | ||||
| Lived ≤15 years in current residence‡ | 1.47 (1.11–1.94) | 0.006 | ||||||
| GHQ-12 positive | 1.77 (1.34–2.34) | <0.001 | 1.50 (1.12–1.99) | 0.006 | ||||
| Smoking | 2.55 (1.90–3.42) | <0.001 | 2.15 (1.58–2.91) | <0.001 | ||||
GHQ-12 General Heath Questionnaire (refer to text for definition)
*
categorized into quartiles among all men
†
75th percentile used as cut-off
‡
25th percentile used as cut-off
Final model adjusted for socioeconomic class, religion, occupation, GHQ-12 and smoking