Table 3.

Increased GM CBVa in Schizophrenia Patients Compared to Controls in Various Brain Regions

Regiona	Hemisphere	Cluster Sizeb	Cluster Peakc (mm, MNI)			CBVa (ml Blood/100ml Tissue)				Relative Change (%)d	Effect Sizee	Adjusted P Value
						Schizophrenia		Control
			x	y	z	Mean	SD	Mean	SD
Angular	R	18	54	−52	36	1.18	0.21	0.93	0.22	27.4	1.24	.026
Calcarine	L	93	−4	−94	−12	1.02	0.03	0.76	0.35	33.7	1.06	.05
Cerebelum_4_5	R	24	14	−46	−14	1.70	1.38	1.07	0.50	59.1	0.63	.05
Cingulum_Mid	R	41	6	18	42	1.18	0.23	1.01	0.06	16.6	1.02	.05
Frontal_Inf_Oper	R	55	62	14	26	1.64	0.73	1.09	0.16	50.7	1.08	.05
Frontal_Mid	R	55	24	54	26	1.64	0.85	1.03	0.25	59.2	1.01	.05
Fusiform	L	35	−32	−52	−6	1.10	0.26	0.86	0.28	26.9	0.88	.05
Hippocampus	L	12	−34	−34	−6	1.04	0.11	0.88	0.23	18.2	0.93	.05
Hippocampus	R	18	38	−34	−10	1.90	1.33	1.02	0.35	85.6	0.94	.05
Lingual	L	54	−18	−60	−6	1.04	0.11	0.89	0.23	17.8	0.93	.05
Lingual	R	99	10	−84	−10	1.12	0.17	0.89	0.23	26.1	1.18	.033
Occipital_Inf	L	63	−16	−96	−10	1.05	0.11	0.77	0.42	35.4	0.93	.05
Occipital_Inf	R	22	36	−68	−8	1.09	0.18	0.84	0.32	29.5	0.99	.05
Occipital_Mid	R	28	46	−78	32	1.12	0.22	0.88	0.19	27.0	1.21	.031
Parietal_Inf	R	33	54	−48	40	1.22	0.20	0.99	0.08	23.4	1.59	.013
Postcentral	R	66	60	−2	32	1.20	0.22	1.02	0.08	17.8	1.14	.05
Precentral	R	87	50	10	36	1.17	0.19	0.99	0.05	18.6	1.37	.03
SupraMarginal	R	71	64	−44	36	1.20	0.21	1.01	0.03	18.5	1.31	.038

Note: ^aThe brain regions were labeled according to the IBASPM 116 atlas (please see Methods for references).

^bNumber of voxels that show significant group difference in this region.

^cLocation of the voxel with the maximum (peak) T-score in the cluster in the MNI space.

^dRelative change was defined as 100 × (mean CBVa in schizophrenia − mean CBVa in controls) / (mean CBVa in controls) %.

^eEffect size was estimated with Cohen’s d = (mean CBVa in schizophrenia − mean CBVa in controls)/ s, where s is the pooled SD of the 2 groups.