Table 1.
Demographic, military, and clinical characteristics GB/GF exposed and unexposed GW veterans.
| Exposed | Unexposed | |
|---|---|---|
| N | 56 | 56 |
| Age (years) | 49.0 (7.2) | 49.6 (7.6) |
| No. females (%) | 5 (9%) | 5 (9%) |
| Ethnicitya | ||
| African American (%) | 6 (11%) | 8 (14%) |
| Caucasian (%) | 24 (43%) | 43 (77%) |
| Latino (%) | 20 (36%) | 5 (9%) |
| Other (%) | 6 (11%) | 0 (0%) |
| Education (years) | 15.3 (2.3) | 15.7 (2.3) |
| Military status during Gulf Wara | ||
| Active duty (%) | 42 (75%) | 49 (88%) |
| National guard (%) | 10 (18%) | 1 (2%) |
| Reserves (%) | 4 (7%) | 6 (11%) |
| No. with service-connected disability | 22 (39%) | 30 (54%) |
| Average % disability (range) | 13 (5–90) | 18 (5–100) |
| No. with CMI (%) | 28 (50%) | 28 (50%) |
| No. with current PTSD diagnosis (%) | 3 (5%) | 3 (5%) |
| Current CAPS score | 8.3 (16.0) | 4.8 (10.5) |
| No. with current MDD diagnosis (%) | 4 (7%) | 3 (5%) |
| HAM-D score | 4.3 (4.4) | 3.8 (3.7) |
| No. on psychotropic medication | 10 (18%) | 15 (27%) |
| No. with history of alcohol abuse/dependence | 20 (36%) | 26 (46%) |
| Current average no. drinks/month | 20.6 (19.7) | 18.4 (21.6) |
| No. with history of drug abuse/dependence | 6 (11%) | 6 (11%) |
Means (SD) or N (%) reported. CMI, chronic multisymptom illness; PTSD, posttraumatic stress disorder; CAPS, clinician administered PTSD scale; MDD, major depressive disorder; HAM-D, Hamilton depressive scale
a
Significantly different between the two groups, p <0.05.