Table 2. Relative risk of impairments in physical function by skeletal muscle measures after controlling for sex (N = 185).
| KPS < 80 | ≥ 1 falls | Prolonged TUG | Impaired IADL | Impaired Bathing and dressing | Limited Moderate activities | Limited in climbing 1 flight of stairs | Limited in walking 1 block | Limited in bending, kneeling or stooping | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SkeletalMuscle Index† | 1.03 (0.87, 1.21) |
0.89 (0.74, 1.07) |
0.88 (0.77, 1.00) |
0.96 (0.84, 1.10) |
1.08 (0.86, 1.35) |
1.04 (0.94, 1.14) |
0.92 (0.80, 1.07) |
0.93 (0.79, 1.10) |
1.01 (0.91, 1.12) |
| SkeletalMuscle Density† | 0.88 (0.76, 1.02) |
0.98 (0.83, 1.15) |
0.83* (0.75, 0.92) |
0.84** (0.73, 0.96) |
0.85 (0.70, 1.03) |
0.91* (0.85, 0.99) |
0.84** (0.76, 0.94) |
0.77** (0.67, 0.90) |
0.87** (0.79, 0.95) |
| Skeletal Muscle Gauge†† | 0.95 (0.89, 1.01) |
0.98 (0.91, 1.05) |
0.92** (0.88, 0.96) |
0.94* (0.89, 0.99) |
0.95 (0.87, 1.03) |
0.97 (0.94, 1.01) |
0.91** (0.87, 0.96) |
0.91** (0.85, 0.97) |
0.95* (0.91, 0.99) |
* p = < 0.05 *p = < 0.01.
†Relative risks for SMI and SMD are for each 5 unit increase and not single units.
††Relative risks for SMG are for each 100 point increase and not single units.
Abbreviations: SMI, Skeletal Muscle Index; SMD, Skeletal Muscle Density; SMG, Skeletal Muscle Gauge; KPS, Karnofsky Performance Status; TUG, Timed Up and Go; IADL, Instrumental Activities of Daily Living.