Table 3. Clinical trials of immune-checkpoint blocker in HCC patients.
| Immune-checkpoints target | Drug | Associated treatment | Phase | Status | Results | Clinical trial ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CTL-A4 | Tremelimumab | None | II | Completed | PR: 17.6%; SD: 58.8% | NCT01008358 |
| Tremelimumab | TACE or ablation | I | Recruiting | mPFS for study population (n = 17): 7.4 months | NCT01853618 | |
| PD-L1/CTL-A4 | Durvalumab/Tremelimumab | TACE or RFA | I/II | Recruiting | NA | NCT02821754 |
| Nivolumab/Ipilimumab | None | I/II | Recruiting | NA | NCT01658878 | |
| PD-1 | Nivolumab | TGFBR1 kinase inhibitor (galunisertib) | I/II | Recruiting | NA | NCT02423343 |
| Nivolumab | None | I/II | Recruiting | Good toxicity profile; response rate: 20%; median duration of response: 9.9 months | CA209-040 | |
| Anti-PD-1 antibody (not specified) | Decitabine | I/II | Recruiting | NA | NCT02961101 | |
| Pembrolizumab | None | II | Recruiting | NA | NCT02702414 | |
| PDR001 | c-met inhibitor (INC280) | II | Recruiting | NA | NCT02795429 | |
| PDR001 | Anti-TGF beta antibody (NIS793) | II | Not yet recruting | NA | NCT02947165 |
Abbreviation– CR: complete response; CTLA4: receptor and cytotoxic T-limphocite antigen-4; RFA: radiofrequency ablation; PD-1: programmed cell death protein 1; PD-L1: programmed cell death ligand1; PR: partial response; SD: stable disease; TACE: transarterial chemoembolization.