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. 2017 May;9(5):1257–1264. doi: 10.21037/jtd.2017.03.174

Table 3. Methodological qualities of case-control studies based on the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.

Study Selection Comparability Outcome Total
score
Representativeness Selection of the
non-exposed cohort
Ascertainment of exposure Demonstration Assessment of outcome Follow up Adequacy of follow up
Bischof (15) 6
Yu (16) 6
Liu (17) 6
Zhang (18) 6
Wong (19) ★★ 7

⌈, Each star (⌈) denotes one point.