Table 3. Methodological qualities of case-control studies based on the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.
Study | Selection | Comparability | Outcome | Total score |
|||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Representativeness | Selection of the non-exposed cohort |
Ascertainment of exposure | Demonstration | Assessment of outcome | Follow up | Adequacy of follow up | |||
Bischof (15) | ★ | ★ | ★ | – | ★ | ★ | ★ | – | 6 |
Yu (16) | ★ | ★ | ★ | – | ★ | ★ | ★ | – | 6 |
Liu (17) | ★ | ★ | ★ | – | ★ | ★ | ★ | – | 6 |
Zhang (18) | ★ | ★ | ★ | – | ★ | ★ | ★ | – | 6 |
Wong (19) | ★ | ★ | ★ | – | ★★ | ★ | ★ | – | 7 |
⌈, Each star (⌈) denotes one point.