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. 2017 Jun 8;7:3045. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-03287-7

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Comparison of LTP induction in two independent pathways. (A) Schematic diagram showing the two-pathway experiment. (B) Paired pulse facilitation tests of the two pathways. Upper: Stimulation of S1-evoked field EPSP (R1); Middle: Stimulation of S2 (50 ms prior to the stimulation of S1), which did not change in the amplitude of R1; Lower: Paired pulse in the same inter-stimulus interval in S1 facilitated R1. (C) LTP inductions in two pathways of the same slices. Single test stimuli were delivered to S1 and S2 alternatively every 30 s. Upper: Summary of normalized fEPSP slopes in S1-R pathway (n = 7). Middle: MK-801application (30–50 min) followed by 5 Hz stimulation in S1 (16 s). From 105 to 120 min, single test stimuli were stopped upon the delivery of HFS to S2, to avoid heterosynaptic plasticity. Lower: Summary of normalized fEPSP slopes in the S2-R pathway (n = 7). LFS and 3-train HFS are represented with thin and thick arrow heads, respectively.