Fig. 2.

TMP downregulated SP, iNOS, and CGRP in trigeminal pathway of CCI mice. (a,b) SP immunofluorescent images taken from spinal trigeminal nucleus of CCI mice without (CCI) and with (TMP) TMP (4 mM) treatment 3 days after surgery. (c, d) Immunofluorescent images showing iNOS-positive trigeminal ganglion neurons in CCI mice without (CCI) and with (TMP) 4 mM TMP 3 days after surgery; (e) Percentages of SP- and iNOS- positive neurons in the spinal trigeminal nucleus and trigeminal ganglia in CCI mice with (TMP) and without (CCI) treatment of 4 mM TMP 3 days after surgery; (f) Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed to quantify CGRP levels in the trigeminal nucleus caudalis in CCI mice with (TMP) and without (CCI) daily treatment of 4 mM TMP 1, 3, 7, 14 days after surgery. n = 6 in each group. Data in (e, f) were obtained from at least three independent experiments, and are presented as mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01