Table 2.
Descriptive statistics of the Japanese diet score in young, middle-aged and older Japanese women*
(Mean values and standard deviations; percentages; Pearson's correlation coefficients)
| Original score† | Modified score‡ | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intake§ | ||||||||||
| Mean | sd | Mean | sd | % of subjects with maximum score | Pearson correlation with the total score‖ | Mean | sd | % of subjects with maximum score | Pearson correlation with the total score‖ | |
| Young (n 3963) | ||||||||||
| Grain dishes | 3·8 | 1·1 | 8·3 | 1·7 | 26·0 | 0·42 | 8·5 | 1·8 | 40·1 | 0·25 |
| Vegetable dishes | 3·6 | 2·2 | 6·1 | 2·5 | 7·7 | 0·45 | 6·5 | 2·6 | 18·5 | 0·34 |
| Fish and meat dishes | 4·7 | 1·8 | 7·1 | 2·9 | 20·7 | 0·29 | 9·6 | 1·1 | 83·9 | 0·16 |
| Milk | 1·3 | 1·4 | 4·0 | 3·0 | 0 | 0·50 | 5·1 | 3·6 | 23·0 | 0·55 |
| Fruits | 0·7 | 0·8 | 2·9 | 2·5 | 0 | 0·38 | 3·2 | 2·7 | 4·6 | 0·39 |
| Snacks and alcoholic beverages | 316 | 164 | 5·1 | 4·1 | 24·7 | 0·57 | 5·1 | 4·1 | 24·7 | 0·62 |
| Seasonings | 2075 | 983 | – | – | – | – | 5·5 | 3·7 | 21·6 | 0·25 |
| Total¶ | – | – | 33·6 | 7·5 | 0 | – | 43·6 | 8·0 | 0 | – |
| Middle-aged (n 3800) | ||||||||||
| Grain dishes | 3·5 | 1·0 | 8·1 | 1·7 | 19·0 | 0·44 | 8·2 | 1·8 | 25·5 | 0·28 |
| Vegetable dishes | 3·9 | 1·9 | 6·7 | 2·4 | 10·1 | 0·38 | 7·0 | 2·4 | 22·5 | 0·31 |
| Fish and meat dishes | 5·1 | 1·6 | 6·7 | 2·9 | 16·5 | 0·24 | 9·8 | 0·8 | 91·6 | 0·11 |
| Milk | 1·5 | 1·4 | 4·5 | 3·2 | 0 | 0·49 | 5·9 | 3·6 | 28·7 | 0·56 |
| Fruits | 0·7 | 0·6 | 3·1 | 2·5 | 0 | 0·47 | 3·2 | 2·7 | 4·0 | 0·48 |
| Snacks and alcoholic beverages | 315 | 152 | 5·1 | 4·0 | 23·2 | 0·60 | 5·1 | 4·0 | 23·2 | 0·65 |
| Seasonings | 2200 | 941 | – | – | – | – | 4·9 | 3·6 | 14·3 | 0·27 |
| Total¶ | – | – | 34·1 | 7·5 | 0 | – | 44·1 | 8·2 | 0 | – |
| Older (n 2211) | ||||||||||
| Grain dishes | 3·5 | 1·1 | 8·1 | 1·9 | 22·9 | 0·52 | 8·2 | 1·9 | 32·6 | 0·28 |
| Vegetable dishes | 6·1 | 2·6 | 7·4 | 2·6 | 16·5 | 0·32 | 9·0 | 1·7 | 62·2 | 0·28 |
| Fish and meat dishes | 7·6 | 2·7 | 3·0 | 3·4 | 4·9 | 0·33 | 9·9 | 0·5 | 97·4 | 0·19 |
| Milk | 1·5 | 1·2 | 4·8 | 3·4 | 0 | 0·49 | 6·0 | 3·7 | 26·8 | 0·59 |
| Fruits | 1·1 | 0·8 | 4·9 | 2·8 | 0 | 0·35 | 5·3 | 3·1 | 13·6 | 0·49 |
| Snacks and alcoholic beverages | 276 | 164 | 6·0 | 4·1 | 37·1 | 0·49 | 6·0 | 4·1 | 37·1 | 0·58 |
| Seasonings | 1941 | 522 | – | – | – | – | 6·1 | 2·9 | 10·0 | 0·29 |
| Total¶ | – | – | 34·3 | 7·5 | 0 | – | 50·5 | 8·0 | 0 | – |
Dietary variables were energy adjusted using the density method to obtain the values per 7531 kJ of energy to enable comparisons with the recommended values.
Recommended values (for the maximum score of 10) are as follows: grain dishes, 4–5 servings/7531 kJ; vegetable dishes, 5–6 servings/7531 kJ; fish and meat dishes, 3–4 servings/7531 kJ; milk, 2 servings/7531 kJ; fruits, 2 servings/7531 kJ; snacks and alcoholic beverages, <837 kJ of energy/7531 kJ. See Supplementary Table S1 for more details.
Recommended values (for the maximum score of 10) are as follows: grain dishes, ≥4 servings/7531 kJ; vegetable dishes, ≥5 servings/7531 kJ; fish and meat dishes, ≥3 servings/7531 kJ; milk, ≥2 servings/7531 kJ; fruits, ≥2 servings/7531 kJ ; snacks and alcoholic beverages, <837 kJ of energy/7531 kJ; and seasoning, <1389 mg of Na/7531 kJ. See Supplementary Table S1 for more details.
Expressed as dietary serving per 7531 kJ of energy, except for snacks and alcoholic beverages (energy from snacks and alcoholic beverages (in kJ) per 7531 kJ of energy) and seasonings (Na from seasonings (in mg) per 7531 kJ of energy).
All correlations were significant (P < 0·0001).
Possible score ranging from 0 to 60 for the original score and 0 to 70 for the modified score.