FIG. 4.

GC1^−/− mice exhibit sex-specific reductions in body fat and normal skeletal muscle cell hypertrophy. (A) Body weights of male and female WT and GC1^−/− mice. (B) Body fat percentage in male and female WT and GC1^−/− mice measured by DEXA. (C) DEXA measurement of bone mineral density in male and female WT and GC1^−/− mice. (D) TA muscle mass in WT and GC1^−/− mice. (E) TA muscle mass normalized to body mass. (A–E), n = 8–10 for all groups. (F) Representative bright-field micrographs of hematoxylin and eosin-stained TA muscles from male WT and GC1^−/− mice. n ≥ 6. (G) The percentage of centrally nucleated muscle fibers in WT and GC1^−/− TA muscles. n = 8 for WT and 9 for GC^−/− groups. (H) Feret diameters of type IIA, IIX, and IIB-positive TA muscle cells in male and female WT and GC1^−/− mice. (I) Cross-sectional areas of type IIA, IIX, and IIB fibers in TA muscles from male and female WT and GC1^−/− mice. (H, I), n = 5 for all groups. For (A–E), (H, I), *p < 0.05, and ****p < 0.0001 from regular two-way ANOVA using sex and genotype as variables and Tukey's post hoc test. DEXA, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.