Figure 5. Figure 5a. Survival stratified by E:E’ quartiles. Cox regression survival functions stratified on the basis of E:E’ quartiles. E:E’ is an estimate of LV filling pressure and an indicator of the presence of advanced LV diastolic dysfunction. Values of E:E’ < 8 are considered normal whereas values equal to, or exceeding 15, are abnormal and consistent with elevated LV filling pressure. E:E’ is a strong predictor of survival in CKD-5D. Figure 5b. Cox regression survival functions stratified on the basis of peak LV systolic velocity quartiles. Peak LV systolic velocity is obtained using tissue Doppler echocardiographic imaging. Although the range of peak LV systolic velocity values is generally considered normal in this patient cohort, a significant relationship was seen between this measure and CAC burden and survival. Figure 5c. Survival functions by global longitudinal strain quartile from Cox regression analysis. Survival stratified by global longitudinal strain. Cox regression survival functions stratified on the basis of values of global longitudinal strain obtained from our CKD-5D patient cohort. GLS measures LV deformation during systole and is a sensitive marker of LV systolic function. More negative values are associated with normal LV systolic function. In our study, GLS was significantly associated with CAC burden and survival.