Table 7.
Odds ratio for false-positive results in a multivariate analysis for each rapid test.
| Determine | Uni-Gold | Genie Fast | Vikia | INSTI | SD Bioline | First Response | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | ||||||||
| Female | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | |
| Male | 1.77 (0.21–2.6) | 1.57 (0.80–3.1) | 2.94 (1.90–4.6) | 2.09 (1.22–3.6) | 1.68 (1.17–2.4) | 0.68 (0.35–1.3) | 0.88 (0.60–1.3) | |
| Age group | ||||||||
| <15 | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | |
| 15–29 | 0.80 (0.29–2.2) | 1.16 (0.15–9.2) | 1.23 (0.35–4.3) | 3.22 (0.41–25.6) | 0.83 (0.30–2.3) | 0.65 (0.14–3.0) | 2.28 (0.52–9.9) | |
| 30–44 | 0.74 (0.27–2.1) | 0.67 (0.08–5.8) | 1.08 (0.30–3.9) | 2.76 (0.34–22.2) | 0.68 (0.24–1.9) | 1.09 (0.23–5.0) | 2.21 (0.50–9.8) | |
| 45–60 | 1.11 (0.37–3.3) | 1.77 (0.20–15.9) | 1.27 (0.32–4.9) | 4.75 (0.57–39.5) | 0.93 (0.30–2.8) | 0.35 (0.05–2.6) | 3.08 (0.66–14.3) | |
| >60 | 1.78 (0.51–6.3) | 4.11 (0.41–41.1) | 2.33 (0.51–10.8) | 8.37 (0.88–80.0) | 1.75 (0.49–6.2) | 1.27 (0.16–9.9) | 1.97 (0.33–11.9) | |
| Site | ||||||||
| Conakry | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | |
| Kitgum | 1.65 (0.82–3.3) | 0.93 (0.03–24.7) | 1.40 (0.37–5.3) | 1.65 (0.25–10.9) | 2.07 (0.52–8.2) | 3.55 (0.39–32.3) | 4.20 (1.24–14.2) | |
| Arua | 0.29 (0.07–1.2) | 1.45 (0.05–39.3) | 2.68 (0.68–10.5) | 2.18 (0.32–14.8) | 7.42 (1.86–29.6) | 9.83 (1.06–91.4) | 11.94 (3.47–41.1) | |
| Homa Bay | 1.14 (0.56–2.3) | 0.45 (0.02–12.9) | 0.69 (0.17–2.8) | 1.55 (0.24–10.0) | 2.06 (0.52–8.2) | 6.74 (0.79–57.8) | 6.59 (2.00–21.7) | |
| Baraka | 0.69 (0.33–1.4) | 2.58 (0.10–66.1) | 1.76 (0.47–6.7) | 3.08 (0.51–18.5) | 17.6 (4.7–66.5) | 10.70 (1.18–96.9) | 3.33 (0.91–12.1) | |
| Douala | 1.14 (0.55–2.3) | 1.10 (0.04–29.0) | 0.91 (0.23–3.7) | 1.51 (0.23–9.8) | 9.9 (2.6–38.4) | 2.16 (0.19–24.3) | 0.17 (0.02–1.75) | |
| Entry mode | ||||||||
| Voluntary | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | |
| Spouse | 0.68 (0.15–3.0) | N/A | 0.70 (0.15–3.3) | 2.06 (0.39–10.8) | 1.07 (0.25–4.6) | 1.74 (0.24–12.5) | 0.29 (0.03–2.4) | |
| Referreda | 1.79 (1.07–3.0) | 1.46 (0.63–3.4) | 1.43 (0.76–2.7) | 1.48 (0.70–3.2) | 1.23 (0.79–1.9) | 1.30 (0.50–3.4) | 0.76 (0.34–1.7) | |
| ANC | 0.50 (0.11–2.3) | 0.46 (0.02–11.3) | 0.81 (0.21–3.1) | N/A | 2.14 (0.63–7.3) | 1.50 (0.26–8.6) | 1.28 (0.52–3.1) | |
| Comorbidity | ||||||||
| Malaria | 2.62 (1.21–5.6) | 1.81 (0.39–8.3) | 1.19 (0.42–3.3) | 1.86 (0.60–5.7) | 1.00 (0.38–2.6) | 1.86 (0.54–6.4) | 0.97 (0.41–2.3) | |
| TB | 1.08 (0.36–3.3) | N/A | 0.54 (0.13–2.3) | 0.69 (0.13–3.8) | 0.84 (0.26–2.7) | N/A | 1.35 (0.34–5.4) | |
Significant results are highlighted in bold.
N/A = not applicable.
STAT-PAK was excluded because too few false-positive results were obtained.
aReferred by a clinician from the in-patient department, the out-patient department or the TB clinic.