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. 2017 Mar 17;20(1):21386. doi: 10.7448/IAS.20.1.21386

Table 1.

Reported size estimates for men who have sex with men (MSM) grouped according to legal status of same-sex sexuality in the country (2007–14)

MSM size estimates as proportion of male population: Countries where same-sex sexual behaviour was legal Countries where same-sex sexual behaviour was criminalized, punished with imprisonment/fines Countries where same-sex sexual behaviour was criminalized, punished with death penalty
Less than 1.0% 50.0% 87.1% 100.0%
1.0% or higher 50.0% 12.9% 0.0%

χ2(2) = 16.182, p < .001.