Table 1. Patient characteristics.
| Characteristic | Homeless (n = 63) | Non-homeless (n = 63) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years), mean ±SD, range | 48 ±12, 22–71 | 48 ±12, 22–71 | 1.00* |
| Male, n (%) | 57 (90%) | 57 (90%) | 1.00* |
| Weight (kg), mean ±SD, range | 77 ±15, 45–120 | 82 ±17, 54–136 | 0.08 |
| Comorbidities at ICU admission, n (%) | |||
| Depression | 11 (17%) | 7 (11%) | 0.45 |
| Hypertension | 10 (16%) | 25 (40%) | 0.005 |
| COPD | 7 (11%) | 3 (5%) | 0.32 |
| Diabetes | 5 (8%) | 5 (8%) | 1.00 |
| Arrhythmia | 5 (8%) | 4 (6%) | 1.00 |
| Schizophrenia | 5 (8%) | 1 (2%) | 0.21 |
| Tuberculosis | 3 (5%) | 0 | 0.24 |
| Cancer | 2 (3%) | 6 (10%) | 0.27 |
| Gastrointestinal bleeding | 2 (3%) | 2 (3%) | 1.00 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 2 (3%) | 2 (3%) | 1.00 |
| Congestive heart failure | 1 (2%) | 2 (3%) | 1.00 |
| Severe liver disease | 1 (2%) | 0 | 1.00 |
| Pulmonary hypertension | 0 | 1 (2%) | 1.00 |
| Total number of comorbidities at ICU admission, median (IQR; range) | 1 (0–2; 0–4) | 1 (0–2; 0–6) | 0.88 |
| Prescription medications at ICU admission | 30 (48%) | 42 (67%) | 0.047 |
| Documented substance use history | |||
| Alcohol | 44 (70%) | 11 (17%) | <0.001 |
| Illicit drugs | 29 (46%) | 5 (8%) | <0.001 |
| Smoking | 25 (40%) | 13 (21%) | 0.03 |
| Substitute decision-maker identified at admission | 24 (38%) | 52 (83%) | <0.001 |
Notes.
*Variable used for matching.
Table Abbreviations: COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ICU, intensive care unit; IQR, interquartile range; kg, kilograms; n, number of patients; SD, standard deviation.