Figure 2. Distribution of HLA-A*24:02 allele across the phenotypes of cADRs induced by aromatic AEDs.

Data were from 14 studies, including 7 that used drug-tolerant controls, 5 that used population controls, and 2 that used both types of controls, including populations from Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Mexico, Norway, and China (e-supplement). Data from tolerant controls (A) and population controls (B) were analyzed separately. The phenotypes of cADRs included SJS/TEN, MPE, and unspecified cADRs, according to the descriptions in the original reports. I² and τ² and represent measures of heterogeneity. Study weighting (indicated by different sizes of squares) refers to the proportion of participants who were recruited from each study. Horizontal lines represent 95% CIs; diamonds indicate pooled ORs. AED = antiepileptic drug; cADRs = cutaneous adverse drug reactions; CBZ = carbamazepine; CI = confidence interval; HLA = human leukocyte antigen; LTG = lamotrigine; MPE = maculopapular exanthema; OR = odds ratio; PHT = phenytoin; SJS/TEN = Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis.