Table 5.

Factors to be assessed in the evaluation of a patient with suspected non-alcoholic fatty liver disease[32]

Factor

Personal and family history of diabetes, hypertension and CVD

Alcohol use: < 20 g/d (women), < 30 g/d (man)

Waist circumference, BMI, change in body weight

Hepatitis B/C infection

Liver enzymes

History of steatosis-associated drug use

Fast blood glucose, hemoglobin A1c

Serum total and HDL-cholesterol, triacylglycerol, uric acid

Undertaken due to clinical suspicion

Ultrasound

Hemochromatosis testing: Ferritin and transferrin saturation

Celiac disease: IgA and tissue transglutaminase

Thyroid disease: TSH level (T3/T4)

Polycystic ovarian syndrome

Wilson’s disease: Ceruloplasmin

Autoimmune disease: ANA, AMA, SMA

Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency: Alpha-1-antitrypsin level

ANA: Anti-nuclear antibody; AMA: Anti-mitochondrial antibody; SMA: Anti-smooth muscle antibody; CVD: Cardiovascular disease; BMI: Body mass index; HDL: High density lipoprotein; TSH: Thyroid stimulating hormone.