Table 2.
Patients’ characteristics
| Variables | All patients | Non-brain-injured patients | Brain-injured patients | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of patients | 86 | 49 (57) | 37 (43) | |
| Women—n (%) | 29 (34) | 15 (31) | 14 (38) | 0.50 |
| Age (years)—mean ± SD | 61 ± 19 | 63 ± 16 | 58 ± 21 | 0.21 |
| SAPS II at admission—median (IQR) | 48 (36 to 61) | 45 (30 to 61) | 50 (41 to 58) | 0.45 |
| At the time of inclusion | ||||
| Sepsis—n (%) | 56 (65) | 46 (94) | 10 (27) | <0.0001 |
| RASS | −5 (−5 to −4) | −5 (−5 to −4) | −5 (−5 to −5) | 0.82 |
| Use of sedation—n (%) | <0.0001 | |||
| Synchronization with ventilator | 44 (51) | 33(67) | 11 (30) | |
| Intracranial hypertension | 16 (19) | 0 (0) | 16 (43) | |
| Others | 26 (30) | 16 (33) | 10 (27) | |
| Sedative drug used | ||||
| Midazolam—n (%) | 79 (92) | 48 (98) | 31 (84) | 0.02 |
| Sufentanyl—n (%) | 79 (92) | 47 (96) | 32 (86) | 0.40 |
| Propofol—n (%) | 9 (10) | 3 (6) | 6 (16) | 0.13 |
| Total day-3 SOFA—median (IQR) | 11 (8 to 14) | 13 (10 to 15) | 10 (8 to 11) | 0.0006 |
| Non-neurological day-3 SOFA—median (IQR) | 7 (5 to 10) | 9 (6 to 11) | 6 (4 to 7) | 0.052 |
| Renal day-3 SOFA—median (IQR) | 0 (0 to 2) | 1 (0 to 3) | 0 (0 to 1) | 0.03 |
| Liver day-3 SOFA—median (IQR) | 0 (0 to 1) | 0 (0 to 1) | 0 (0 to 0) | 0.19 |
| Outcomes | ||||
| Duration of sedation (days)—median (IQR) | 7 (4 to 14) | 7 (5 to 14) | 8 (4 to 12) | 0.48 |
| Duration of mechanical ventilation (days)—median (IQR) | 15 (7 to 30) | 10 (6 to 34) | 18 (10 to 27) | 0.15 |
| Delirium—n (%) | 35/61 (57) | 17/30 (57) | 18/31 (58) | >0.99 |
| Delayed awakening—n (%) | 23/63 (37) | 7/32 (22) | 16/31 (52) | 0.02 |
| Altered mental status—n (%) | 49/63 (78) | 21/31 (68) | 28/32 (88) | 0.07 |
| In-ICU mortality—n (%) | 37/86 (43) | 24/49 (49) | 13/37 (35) | 0.19 |
SAPS II Simplified Acute Physiology Score, EP evoked potentials, EEG electroencephalogram, SIRS Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome, RASS Richmond Assessment Sedation Scale, SOFA Sepsis-related organ failure assessment, ICU intensive care unit, delirium was defined according to the CAM-ICU