Table 1.

Definitions of severity of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).

	Mild DKA	Moderate DKA	Severe DKA
Arterial pH	7.25–7.3	7.0 to <7.24	<7.0
Serum bicarbonate (mmol/L)	15–18	10 to <15	<10
Anion gap	>10	>12	>10
Mental status	Alert	Alert/drowsy	Stupor/coma

Adapted from American Diabetes Association 2009 consensus statement. In all cases, plasma glucose is >14 mmol/L (>250 mg/dL), urine, and serum ketones are positive and effective osmolality is variable.