Table 3.
Differentially expressed proteins follow resveratrol and pterostilbene treatments.
| Band No. | Protein | Accession no. | Mw (Da) | Matched-peptides | Sequence coverage % (SCORE) | Ratios to controla | Biological function | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Resveratrol | Pterostilbene | p-valueb | |||||||
| 1 | Chaperone protein ClpB (CLPB) | Q6GAV1 | 87,165 | 27 | 45% (191) | 3.85 ± 0.04 | −1.26 ± 0.02 | 0.038 | Part of a stress-induced multi-chaperone system, it is involved in the recovery of the cell from heat-induced damage, in cooperation with DnaK, DnaJ, and GrpE. |
| 2 | Chaperone protein DnaK (DNAK) | P64408 | 66,321 | 18 | 43% (123) | 5.41 ± 0.07 | −1.50 ± 0.04 | 0.041 | Acts as a chaperone. |
| 3 | Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) | P0A038 | 36,382 | 12 | 48% (117) | 1.50 ± 0.02 | −3.82 ± 0.06 | 0.028 | Catalyzes the oxidative phosphorylation of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) to 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate (BPG) using the cofactor NAD. |
| 4 | 50S ribosomal protein L6 (RL6) | Q7A084 | 19,802 | 10 | 62% (96) | 1.62 ± 0.11 | 2.27 ± 0.01 | 0.036 | This protein binds to the 23S rRNA, and is important in its secondary structure. It is located near the subunit interface in the base of the L7/L12 stalk, and near the tRNA binding site of the peptidyltransferase center. |
| 5 | Elongation factor G (EFG) | P68791 | 76,877 | 29 | 45% (212) | −3.19 ± 0.07 | −1.47 ± 0.13 | 0.025 | Catalyzes the GTP-dependent ribosomal translocation step during translation elongation. |
| 6 | Arginine deiminase (ARCA) | Q8NUK7 | 47,069 | 20 | 46% (145) | −2.57 ± 0.03 | −1.50 ± 0.05 | 0.036 | L-arginine + H2O = L-citrulline + NH3. |
| 6 | Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (G6PI) | Q8NXF1 | 49,849 | 14 | 48% (93) | −2.26 ± 0.05 | −1.42 ± 0.01 | 0.048 | D-glucose 6-phosphate = D-fructose 6-phosphate. |
| 7 | Citrate synthase 2 (CISY2) | P39120 | 40,614 | 10 | 31% (92) | −3.37 ± 0.02 | −2.17 ± 0.02 | 0.013 | Might regulate the synthesis and function of enzymes involved in later enzymatic steps of Krebs cycle. Loss in activity results in sporulation defect. |
| 8 | Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase [ATP] (PCKA) | P0C1S4 | 58,803 | 19 | 36% (102) | 1.52 ± 0.04 | 2.83 ± 0.01 | 0.032 | Involved in the gluconeogenesis. Catalyzes the conversion of oxaloacetate (OAA) to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) through direct phosphoryl transfer between the nucleoside triphosphate and OAA. |
| 9 | 30S ribosomal protein S4 (RS4) | P66564 | 23,027 | 21 | 61% (159) | −1.40 ± 0.05 | 2.69 ± 0.01 | 0.018 | One of the primary rRNA binding proteins, it binds directly to 16S rRNA where it nucleates assembly of the body of the 30S subunit. |
| 10 | Alkaline shock protein 23 (ASP) | P0A0P7 | 19,210 | 11 | 68% (124) | 1.59 ± 0.01 | 2.93 ± 0.01 | 0.021 | May play a key role in alkaline pH tolerance. |
| 11 | 30S ribosomal protein S13 (RS13) | P66389 | 10,343 | 10 | 89% (92) | 1.59 ± 0.01 | 2.03 ± 0.05 | 0.010 | May function as a redox-sensitive chaperone and as a sensor for oxidative stress. |
a
Ratios to control indicated the fold changes in protein volume between resveratrol-, pterostilbene-treated samples vs. control samples, respectively. The higher ratios (>1.0) mean the proteins whose expression levels were increased upon treatments of compounds, while lower ratios (<−1.0) indicate the proteins were downregulated under the exposure to compounds.
b
p-values were generated by analyzing the gel images using Prodigy SameSpots™ software. Differences were considered significant at p < 0.05 after the comparison of the ratios to control between resveratrol and pterostilbene groups.