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. 2017 Jun 13;8:704. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00704

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Copyright © 2017 Chen, Tong, Ma, Zhou, Zhao and Zhao.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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The experimental design. Newly hatched chicks were divided into four treatment groups (n = 6 cages/treatment; 6 chicks in each cage), (1) an uninfected negative control group (NC: negative control); (2) a positive control group infected with S. Typhimurium (S: S. Typhimurium); (3) a group infected with S. Typhimurium and orally supplemented with Lactobacillus plantarum Z01 (LPZ01) (SP: S. Typhimurium + probiotic); (4) a group only orally supplemented with LPZ01 (P: probiotic).