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. 2017 Jun 13;8:684. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00684

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Copyright © 2017 Athanasiou, Agallou, Tastsoglou, Kammona, Hatzigeorgiou, Kiparissides and Karagouni.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Microarray sample quality control and differential expression analysis. (A) Principal component analysis clustering of microarray samples and (B) sample-sample correlation heat map depicting relationship between replicates and/or samples. (C) Barplot of differentially up- and downregulated genes of dendritic cells (DCs) stimulated with the mix of poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA)-chCPAp, PLGA-chH1p, and PLGA-KMP-11p nanoformulations (mix A), the mix of PLGA-chCPAp-monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA), PLGA-chH1p-MPLA, and PLGA-KMP-11p-MPLA nanoformulations (mix B), the mix of p8-PLGA-chCPAp, p8-PLGA-chH1p, and p8-PLGA-KMP-11p nanoformulations (mix C), or the mix of soluble chimeric peptides (mix D) vs. unstimulated DCs. (D) Heatmap representations of differentially expressed genes included in GO terms GO:0001819—positive regulation of cytokine production, GO:0050727—regulation of inflammatory response, GO:0007159—leukocyte cell–cell adhesion and GO:0071345—cellular response to cytokine stimulus. Instances with −0.585 < log2(fold change) < 0.585 and/or p-value >0.05 significance threshold are not colored. A p-value threshold of 0.05 and a log2 (fold change) threshold of ±0.585 (at least1.5-fold change) was used to determine differentially expressed genes of samples Mix A–D vs. unstimulated DCs.