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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Am J Reprod Immunol. 2017 Mar 24;78(1):10.1111/aji.12669. doi: 10.1111/aji.12669

Figure 4. The effect of simvastatin on TGF-β and/ or TNF –α induced PAI-1 expression in a human granulosa cell line (HGrC1).

Figure 4

Figure 4

(Fig. 4-a) HGrC1 cells were stimulated with or without TGF-β (1 ng/ml) and TNF-α (5 ng/ml) for 3 hrs. Simvastatin (1 or 5 μM, dissolved in DMSO) or control (DMSO) were added 1hr before the treatment with TGF-β and TNF-α. Total RNA was extracted from the cells and subjected to real-time PCR to determine the PAI-1 mRNA levels. Data were normalized by GAPDH mRNA levels to show the relative abundance. Representative data from three different experiments were shown as the mean ± S.E.M relative to an adjusted value of 1.0 for the mean value of the control. *: P<0.01 (vs. TGF-β and TNF-α). (Fig. 4-b) After pre-treatment of control or simvastatin (5 μM), HGrC1 were stimulated with TGF-β (1 ng/ml) and/ or TNF-α (5 ng/ml) for 1 hr, followed by Western blotting for p38 and phospho-p38 MAPK.