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. 2017 Jun 13;8:679. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00679

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Copyright © 2017 Perego, Bourbon, Chasson, Laprie, Spinelli, Camosseto, Gatti and Pierre.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Model of Guanabenz (GBZ) effect in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/d-galactosamine (d-galN) model. Our results led to the model above: when injected with LPS and d-galN, mice experience an integrated stress response (ISR) that leads to massive apoptosis in the liver. At the same time, the detection of LPS creates an over-inflammation state. These two elements provoke the final death of the animal. When mice are treated with GBZ (at an interval of 1 h max after the septic shock), this drug is able to block both the ISR (thus the liver injury) and to switch the immune response from pro-inflammatory to anti-inflammatory, rescuing the animal’s survival.