FIG 3.

Vpr deficiency does not result in enhanced type I IFN production in productively infected MDDCs. (A and B) qRT-PCR for IFN-β (A) and IP-10 (B) transcript levels in infected MDDCs at 48 h postinfection. MDDCs were mock infected or infected with Lai-YU2 or Lai-YU2/ΔVpr (MOI = 2) in the presence or absence of AZT (10 μM). The amount of IFN-β or IP-10 transcripts in infected MDDCs was normalized to the number of cells by using a GAPDH control and is reported relative to that in mock-infected MDDCs (set at a value of 1) from four independent donors. LPS treatment for 4 h was used as a positive control for IFN-β and IP-10 production. Data are the log-transformed means (±standard errors of the means) of results for seven donors. (C) The secreted level of IP-10 in MDDC culture supernatants infected with Lai-YU2 or Lai-YU2/ΔVpr (MOI = 1) at day 3 postinfection was measured by an ELISA. The data shown are the log-transformed means (± standard errors of the means) of results from independent experiments with MDDCs derived from four donors for panels A and B and from six donors for panel C. Significance was calculated by using paired Student's t test or a one-value t test (comparing normalized data) (NS, not significant [P > 0.05]; *, P < 0.5; **, P < 0.1; *****, P < 0.0001).