Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2017 Jun 13;7:3441. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-03724-7

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

PMC Copyright notice

Infection monitoring. Colony forming units per mL of milk expressed as log₁₀ (a) upon intramammary challenge with E. coli P4 at 0 h and duration of the intramammary infection (b) upon intramammary challenge in first-lactation heifers from the three treatment groups: adjuvant only (black circles) intramuscular injections (blue squares) intramuscular and intramammary injections (red triangles). Means and error bars, corresponding to standard errors of the mean for each treatment group at each sample point (a) or to standard deviation (b), are presented. Letters (a,b,c) within hours indicate a difference (P < 0.05, Two-way ANOVA and/or Mann Whitney test) between control and IM groups, control and IMM groups, and IM and IMM groups respectively. Asterisk indicate a difference (P < 0.05, Two-way ANOVA and/or Mann Whitney test) between immunization groups.